Summer is the time for roasted corn on the cob, boiled green soybeans, cold beer and, best of all, breathtaking fireworks.

Japanese enjoy festivals year roundato welcome the arrival of the seasons and rites of passage. The unchanging traditions of festivals help to anchor Japanese to their history and culture, when everything else seems to be changing in the world's rush to globalization. Besides, they are great fun.

  Hanabi (fireworks) festivals have been a major feature of Japanese summers for over 300 years. Beginning sometime in July, when the rainy season ends, on any given night, the whole of Japan is inundated by hundreds of neighborhood, village and big-city fireworks festivals. Festivals held for no other reason than the pure celebration of the erupting spectacle and thundering boom of fireworks. The major festivals attract hundreds of thousands of visitors from across the country. They throng to the site, many clad in light cotton kimono and sandals. The young women are especially resplendent in bright floral patterned yukata.

  Hanabi are viewed by Japanese much in the same way they view cherry blossoms, indeed, the name hanabi means –flower fire.” Each hanabi is savored and appreciated as a single, transitory eventãwith wistful joy over their spectacular but fleeting beauty. This makes the pace of Japanese fireworks much slower and more disjointed than typical fireworks in Europe or America. Another feature is the Japanese preference for round fireworks shells, which erupt in a ball-shaped pattern that can be viewed the same way from all directions.

  Given the long history and rabid enthusiasm for hanabi, is it any wonder that Japanese pyrotechnics are among the most advanced in the world? Every year, the closely held secrets of generations of masters are applied and enriched in highly contested competitions to create bigger, more animated and ever more surprising creations.

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